Publications | PAI - Policy Analysis Inc.

Publications

We have an extensive track record of publications in top-tier journals, including:

  • American Journal of Cardiology
  • American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
  • American Journal of Medicine
  • American Journal of Public Health
  • Archives of Internal Medicine
  • Cancer
  • Chest
  • Clinical Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Diabetes Care
  • JAMA
  • Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery
  • Journal of Clinical Oncology
  • Journal of the National Comprehensive Care Network
  • Journal of Pediatrics
  • Journal of Rheumatology
  • Journal of Supportive Care in Cancer
  • The Lancet
  • Medical Care
  • Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
  • Pharmacoeconomics
  • Quality of Life Research
  • Rheumatology
  • Stroke
  • Vaccine
  • Value in Health.

Latest Publications

Oster G, Bornheimer R, Ottino K. Cost-effectiveness of adult universal Hepatitis B vaccination [letter]. J Infect Dis 2022; 226(12):2239-2241.

To the Editor—In their recent article, Hall et al [] report on their study of the cost-effectiveness of universal adult ...
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Mendes D, Averin A, Atwood M, Sato R, Vyse A, Campling J, Weycker D, Slack M, Ellsbury G, Mugwagwa T. Cost-effectiveness of using a 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine to directly protect adults in England at elevated risk of pneumococcal disease. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res. 2022 Dec;22(8):1285-1295.

Objectives Despite the current pneumococcal vaccination program in England for older adults and adults with underlying conditions, disease burden remains ...
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Mugwagwa T, Averin A, Atwood M, Sato R, Vyse A, Campling J, Weycker D, Slack M, Ellsbury G, Mendes D. Public health and budgetary impact of 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine for adults in England. Expert Rev Vaccines. 21(9):1331-1341.

Background Despite use of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) in England, disease burden among at-risk adults remains high. We evaluated ...
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Oster G, Bornheimer R, Ottino K, Stevenson C, Lewin C, Janssen R. Adult immunization against Hepatitis B: Does the number of jabs matter? Vaccine 2022;40(26):3597-604.

Background: At least one-half of adults beginning an immunization series with a three-dose hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine (ENGERIX-B, RECOMBIVAX-B) have ...
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Shah N, Lipato T, Alvarez O, Delea TE, Lonshteyn A, Weycker D, Nguyen A, Beaubrun A, Agodoa Il Real-world effectiveness of voxelotor for treating sickle cell disease in the US: a large claims data analysis. Expert Rev Hematol 2022;15(2):167-73.

Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetic disease that impacts patients' quality of life, healthcare costs, and life expectancy. Elevated ...
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Jerusalem G, Delea TE, Martin M, et al. Quality-adjusted survival with Ribociclib plus Fulvestrant versus placebo plus Fulvestrant in postmenopausal women with HR±HER2- advanced breast cancer in the MONALEESA-3 trial. Clin Breast Cancer. 2022;22(4):326-35.

Background MONALEESA-3 demonstrated an overall survival (OS) benefit for ribociclib plus fulvestrant (R+F) in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor (HR) positive, HER2 negative advanced breast cancer (ABC). This ...
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Lapidot R, Vietri J, Shaff M, Averin A, Lonshteyn A, Weycker D, Wasserman M, Farkouh R, Pelton S. Community-acquired pneumonia in infants: Not simply an acute event with complete recovery. Respir Med 2022;191:106671.

Background: Pneumonia in infancy has been linked to long-term consequences for the rapidly developing lung. We examined the impact of hospitalized ...
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Fasching P, Delea TE, Lu Y, De Boer R, Hurvitz S, Moynahan A, Chandiwana D, Lanoue B, Hu H, Thuerigen A, O’Shaughnessy J. Matching-adjusted indirect comparison of Ribociclib plus Fulvestrant versus Palbociclib plus Letrozole as first-line treatment of HR+/HER2- advanced breast cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2021;13:8179-89.

Purpose: Cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) plus endocrine therapy are recommended for first-line treatment of hormone receptor-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor ...
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Eichten C, Ma Q, Delea TE, Hagiwara M, Ramos R, Iorga S, Zhang J, Maziarz R. Lifetime costs for treated follicular lymphoma patients in the US. Pharmacoeconomics 2021;39(10):1163-83.

Background and Objective The objective of this study was to estimate the lifetime costs of patients receiving treatment for follicular ...
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Stellato D, Thabane M, Park J, Chandiwana D, Delea TE. Cost effectiveness of ribociclib in combination with fulvestrant for the treatment of postmenopausal women with HR+/HER2- advanced breast cancer who have received no or only one prior line of endocrine therapy: A Canadian healthcare perspective. Pharmacoeconomics 2021 Sep;39(9):1045-58

Background: The MONALEESA-3 trial demonstrated the efficacy and safety of ribociclib plus fulvestrant versus placebo plus fulvestrant for patients with hormone ...
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Royston M, Kielhorn A, Weycker D, Shaff M, Houde L, Tanvir I, Bhattacharyya S, Levy M. Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: clinical burden and cost of relapses and disease-related care in US clinical practice. Neurol Ther 2021 ;10(2):767-83.

Introduction: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a rare autoimmune condition characterized by unpredictable relapses that affect the optic nerves and ...
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Stellato D, Thabane M, Chandiwana D, Park J, Delea TE. Cost effectiveness of ribociclib plus a nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor in pre-/perimenopausal, HR+ and HER2- advanced breast cancer: A Canadian healthcare perspective. Pharmacoeconomics 2021;39(7):853-67.

BACKGROUND: The 2015 American Society of Clinical Oncology guidelines recommend first-line treatment of hormone receptor (HR)-positive breast cancer with endocrine therapy ...
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Averin A, Shaff M, Weycker D, Lonshteyn A, Sato R, Pelton SI. Mortality and readmission in the year following hospitalization for pneumonia among US adults. Respir Med 2021;185:106476.

Background: Increasing evidence suggests the impact of pneumonia persists beyond hospital discharge and the acute phase of respiratory symptoms. We characterized ...
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Fonseca R, Hagiwara M, Panjabi S, Yucel E, Buchanan J, Delea TE. Economic burden of disease progression among multiple myeloma patients who have received transplant and at least one line of therapy in the US. Blood Cancer J. 2021;11(2):35.

Effects of disease progression on healthcare resource utilization (HRU) and costs among multiple myeloma (MM) patients with ≥1 line of ...
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Stellato D, Thabane M, Eichten C, Delea TE. Preferences of Canadian patients and physicians for treatment of HR+/HER2- advanced breast cancer. Curr Oncol 2021;28(1):491-508.

(1) Background: Past research suggests that patients with advanced breast cancer prefer treatments with improved clinical outcomes and lower risk ...
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Madduri D, Hagiwara M, Parikh K, Pelletier C, Delea TE, Kee A, Chari A. Real-world treatment patterns, healthcare use and costs in triple-class exposed relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma patients in the USA. Future Oncol 2021;17(5):503-15.

Aim: To estimate treatment patterns and healthcare costs among triple-class exposed relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) patients. Materials & methods: Eligible ...
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Kreuter M, Bradley SJ, Lee JS, Tzouvelekis A, Oldham JM, Molyneaux PL, Weycker D, Atwood M, Kirchgaessler KU, Maher TM. Monocyte count as a prognostic biomarker in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2021;204(1):74-81.

Rationale: There is an urgent need for simple, cost-effective prognostic biomarkers for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF); biomarkers that show potential include ...
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Al-Chalabi A, Chiò A, Merrill C, Oster G, Bornheimer R, Agnese W, Apple S. Clinical staging in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: analysis of Edaravone Study 19. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2021;92(2):165-71.

Objective: This was a post hoc analysis of the Edaravone Phase III Study MCI186-19 ('Study 19') to examine the utility of ...
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Amdahl J, Weycker D, Farkouh R, Huang L, Eichten C, Oster G. Pediatric vaccines and cost-effectiveness thresholds: How much is too much to pay for prevention? Infect Dis Ther 2021;10(1):1-13.

Cost-effectiveness evaluations play an important role in recommendations for use of pediatric vaccines that are set forth by the US ...
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Weycker D, Moynahan A, Silvia A, Sato R. Attributable cost of adult hospitalized pneumonia beyond the acute phase. Pharmacoecon Open 2021;5(2):275-84.

Background: While much is known about the cost of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) during the acute phase of illness, little is known ...
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Barron RL, Oster G, Grauer A, Crittenden DB, Weycker D. Determinants of imminent fracture risk in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int 2020;31(11):2103-11.

In elderly women with osteoporosis, prior fracture, low BMD, impaired physical functioning, poorer general health, and recent falls were all ...
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Averin A, Silvia A, Lamerato L, Richert-Boe K, Kaur M, Sundaresan D, Shah N, Hatfield M, Lawrence T, Lyman GH, Weycker D. Risk of chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia in patients with metastatic cancer not receiving granulocyte colony-stimulating factor prophylaxis in US clinical practice. Support Care Cancer 2020;29(4):2179-86.

Objectives: To evaluate the use of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) prophylaxis in US patients with selected metastatic cancers and chemotherapy-induced febrile ...
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Meneghini LF, Sullivan SD, Oster G, Busch R, Cali AMG, Dauchy A, Gill J, Bailey TS. A pragmatic randomized clinical trial of insulin glargine 300 U/mL vs first-generation basal insulin analogues in insulin-naïve adults with type 2 diabetes: 6-month outcomes of the ACHIEVE Control study. Diabetes Obes Metab 2020;22(11):2004-12.

Aims: To compare the safety and efficacy of insulin glargine 300 U/mL (Gla-300) versus first-generation standard-of-care basal insulin analogues (SOC-BI; insulin ...
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Nag A, Bornheimer R, Oster G. Pharmacotherapy patterns in patients with chronic idiopathic constipation beginning treatment with linaclotide or lubiprostone in the United States. Drugs Context 2020;9:2020-5-10.

Background: Chronic idiopathic constipation (CIC) is a common gastrointestinal disorder in community settings. Limited information exists on its treatment with the ...
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Weycker D, Wygant GD, Guo JD, Lee T, Luo X, Rosenblatt L, Mardekian J, Atwood M, Hanau A, Cohen AT. Bleeding and recurrent VTE with apixaban vs warfarin as outpatient treatment: time-course and subgroup analyses. Blood Adv 2020;4(2):432-9.

In the phase 3 trial Apixaban for the Initial Management of Pulmonary Embolism and Deep-Vein Thrombosis as First-Line Therapy, apixaban ...
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Edelsberg J, Weycker D, Bensink M, Bowers C, Lyman GH. Prophylaxis of febrile neutropenia with colony-stimulating factors: the first 25 years. Curr Med Res Opin 2020;36(3):483-95.

Filgrastim prophylaxis, both primary and secondary, was rapidly incorporated into clinical practice in the 1990s. When pegfilgrastim became available in 2002, it ...
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Weycker D, Hanau A, Hatfield M, Wu H, Sharma A, Bensink ME, Chandler D, Grossman A, Tarantino M. Primary immune thrombocytopenia in US clinical practice: incidence and healthcare burden in first 12 months following diagnosis. J Med Econ 2020;23(2):184-192.

Introduction: Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), an autoimmune disorder characterized by low platelet count, can lead to serious bleeding events. Little is known about the ...
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Hagiwara M, Panjabi S, Delea T, Yucel E, Fonseca R. Burden of disease progression in patients with multiple myeloma in the US. Leuk Lymphoma 2020;61(1):47-55.

Effects of disease progression on healthcare resource utilization (HRU) and costs among multiple myeloma (MM) patients with ≥1 line of therapy (LOT) and without receipt of stem ...
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Kreuter M, Lederer DJ, Cottin V, Kahn N, Ley B, Vancheri C, Weycker D, Atwood M, Kirchgaessler KU, Ryerson CJ. Concomitant medications and clinical outcomes in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Eur Respir J 2019;54(6):1901188.

This post hoc exploratory analysis found no clear associations between frequently used concomitant medication combinations and disease progression in 1450 patients with ...
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Hannan MT, Weycker D, McLean RR, Sahni S, Bornheimer R, Barron R, Travison TG, Kiel DP. Predictors of imminent risk of nonvertebral fracture in older, high-risk women: The Framingham Osteoporosis Study. JBMR Plus 2019;3(6):310129.

Osteoporosis treatment decisions are often based solely on BMD or on 10-year fracture risk; little is known about factors increasing ...
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Delea TE, Zhang X, Amdahl J, Boyko D, Dirnberger F, Campioni M, Cong Z. Cost effectiveness of blinatumomab versus inotuzumab ozogamicin in adult patients with relapsed or refractory B-Cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the United States. Pharmacoeconomics 2019;37(9):1177-93.

Background and objective: The TOWER and INO-VATE-ALL trials demonstrated the efficacy and safety of blinatumomab and inotuzumab ozogamicin (inotuzumab), respectively, versus ...
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Stellato D, Thabane M, Eichten C, Delea T. Preferences of Canadian patients and physicians for adjuvant treatments for melanoma. Curr Oncol 2019;26(6):e755-e65.

Background: Past research suggests that patients with early- and late-stage melanoma will endure adverse events and inconvenient treatment regimens for improved survival. Evidence about ...
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Weycker D, Doroff R, Hanau A, Bowers C, Belani R, Chandler D, Lonshteyn A, Bensink M, Lyman GH. Use and effectiveness of pegfilgrastim prophylaxis in US clinical practice: a retrospective observational study. BMC Cancer 2019;19(1):792.

Background: Febrile neutropenia (FN) is a serious complication of myelosuppressive chemotherapy. Clinical practice guidelines recommend routine prophylactic coverage with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-such ...
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Stellato D, Gerbasi ME, Ndife B, Ghate SR, Moynahan A, Mishra D, Gunda P, Koruth R, Delea TE. Budget impact of dabrafenib and trametinib in combination as adjuvant treatment of BRAF V600E/K mutation-positive melanoma from a U.S. commercial payer perspective. J Manag Care Spec Pharm 2019;25(11):1227-37.

Background: Before the approval of dabrafenib and trametinib in combination, there were no approved therapies in the adjuvant setting that ...
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Gerbasi ME, Stellato D, Ghate SR, Ndife B, Moynahan A, Mishra D, Gunda P, Koruth R, Delea TE. Cost-effectiveness of dabrafenib and trametinib in combination as adjuvant treatment of BRAF V600E/K mutation-positive melanoma from a US healthcare payer perspective. J Med Econ 2019;22(12):1243-52.

Objective: The COMBI-AD trial demonstrated the efficacy and safety of dabrafenib and trametinib in combination versus placebo as adjuvant treatment of patients with BRAF V600E/K mutation-positive resected Stage IIIA (lymph node metastasis >1 mm), ...
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Adachi JD, Berger C, Barron R, Weycker D, Anastassiades TP, Davison KS, Hanley DA, Ioannidis G, Jackson SA, Josse RG, Kaiser SM, Kovacs CS, Lesile WD, Morin SN, Papaioannou A, Prior JC, Shyta E, Silvia A, Towheed T, Goltzman D. Predictors of imminent non-vertebral fracture in elderly women with osteoporosis, low bone mass, or a history of fracture, based on data from the population-based Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos). Arch Osteoporos 2019;14(1):53.

Using data from the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study, several risk factors predictive of imminent (2-year) risk of low-trauma non-vertebral fracture ...
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Hagiwara M, Panjabi S, Sharma A, Delea TE. Healthcare utilization and costs among relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma patients on carfilzomib or pomalidomide as monotherapy or in combination with dexamethasone. J Med Econ 2019;22(8):818-29.

AIM: To compare monthly healthcare resource utilization (HRU) and costs among adult patients with multiple myeloma (MM) receiving second or ...
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Henry DH, Weycker D, Bensink M, Gawade P, Belani R. Optimal timing for pegfilgrastim administration in Japanese breast cancer patients receiving intermediate-risk chemotherapies: response to study by Hayama et al. Int J Clin Pharm 2019;41(3):619-20.

Febrile neutropenia (FN) is a potentially life-threatening side effect of myelosuppressive chemotherapy. Recognizing the effectiveness of colony-stimulating factor (CSF) in ...
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Kreuter M, Lederer DJ, Molina-Molina M, Noth I, Valenzuela C, Frankenstein L, Weycker D, Atwood M, Kirchgaessler KU, Cottin V. Association of angiotensin modulators with the course of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Chest 2019;156(4):706-14.

BACKGROUND: Angiotensin peptides have been implicated in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) pathogenesis. Angiotensin modulators are used to treat arterial hypertension, ...
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Pelton SI, Shea KM, Bornheimer R, Sato R, Weycker D. Pneumonia in young adults with asthma: impact on subsequent asthma exacerbations. J Asthma Allergy 2019;12:95-9.

BACKGROUND: Recent studies of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) have recognized acute cardiac complications-such as myocardial infarction, arrhythmia, or congestive heart failure (CHF)-as ...
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Taneja C, Netsch D, Rolstad BS, Inglese G, Eaves D, Oster G. Risk and economic burden of peristomal skin complications following ostomy surgery. J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs 2019;46(2):143-9.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the incidence and economic burden of peristomal skin complications (PSCs) following ...
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Delea TE, Sharma A, Grossman A, Eichten C, Fenton K, Josephson N, Richhariya A, Moskowitz AJ. Cost-effectiveness of brentuximab vedotin plus chemotherapy as frontline treatment of stage III or IV classical Hodgkin lymphoma. J Med Econ 2019;22(2):117-30.

OBJECTIVE: The ECHELON-1 trial demonstrated efficacy and safety of brentuximab vedotin plusdoxorubicin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (A + AVD) versus doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine ...
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Seifer FD, Hansen G, Weycker D. Health-care utilization and expenditures among patients with comorbid bronchiectasis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in US clinical practice. Chron Respir Dis 2019;16:1479973119839961.

Recent research suggests that bronchiectasis (BE) may be more common than previously believed and that comorbid chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ...
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Weycker D, Hatfield M, Grossman A, Hanau A, Lonshteyn A, Sharma A, Chandler D. Risk and consequences of chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia in US clinical practice. BMC Cancer 2019;19(1):151.

BACKGROUND: Chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia (CIT) is a potentially serious complication that can lead to chemotherapy dose delays, dose reductions, or discontinuation, ...
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Weycker D, Bensink M, Lonshteyn A, Doroff R, Chandler D. Use of colony-stimulating factor primary prophylaxis and incidence of febrile neutropenia from 2010 to 2016: a longitudinal assessment. Curr Med Res Opin 2019;35(6):1073-80.

BACKGROUND: Guidelines recommend primary prophylactic use of colony-stimulating factor (PP-CSF) when risk of febrile neutropenia (FN)-based on chemotherapy and patient risk factors-is high. Whether and how PP-CSF use ...
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Pelton SI, Bornheimer R, Doroff R, Shea KM, Sato R, Weycker D. Decline in pneumococcal disease attenuated in older adults and those with comorbidities following universal childhood PCV13 immunization. Clin Infect Dis 2019;68(11):1831-8.

INTRODUCTION: Following introduction of PCV7 in the US, epidemiology of pneumococcal disease shifted such that disease incidence in the elderly exceeded ...
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Weycker D, Hanau A, Lonshteyn A, Bowers C, Garawin T, Bensink M, Chandler D. Risk of chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia with early discontinuation of pegfilgrastim prophylaxis: a retrospective evaluation using medicare claims. Curr Med Res Opin 2019;35(4):725-30.

BACKGROUND: Two recent evaluations reported that many cancer chemotherapy patients discontinue pegfilgrastim prophylaxis (PP) following the first cycle, and that ...
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Vincent JL, Nielsen ND, Shapiro NI, Gerbasi ME, Grossman A, Doroff R, Zeng F, Young PJ, Russell JA.Mean arterial pressure and mortality in patients with distributive shock: a retrospective analysis of the MIMIC-III database. Ann Intensive Care 2018;8(1):107.

INTRODUCTION: Maintenance of mean arterial pressure (MAP) at levels sufficient to avoid tissue hypoperfusion is a key tenet in the ...
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Spagnolo P, Kreuter M, Maher TM, Wuyts W, Bonella F, Corte TJ, Kopf S, Weycker D, Kirchgaessler KU, Ryerson CJ. Metformin does not affect clinically relevant outcomes in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Respiration 2018;96(4):314-22.

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus is a possible risk factor for the development of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), yet the effect of ...
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Weycker D, Li X, Wygant GD, Lee T, Hamilton M, Luo X, Vo L, Mardekian J, Pan X, Burns L, Atwood M, Hanau A, Cohen AT. Effectiveness and safety of apixaban versus warfarin as outpatient treatment of venous thromboembolism in U.S. clinical practice. Thromb Haemost 2018;118(11):1951-61.

In the AMPLIFY clinical trial, apixaban was non-inferior to warfarin plus subcutaneous enoxaparin bridge therapy in the treatment of acute ...
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Weycker D, Hanau A, Lonshteyn A, Bowers C, Bensink M, Garawin T, Chandler D. Risk of chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia with same-day versus next-day pegfilgrastim prophylaxis among patients aged ≥65 years: a retrospective evaluation using Medicare claims. Curr Med Res Opin 2018;34(9):1705-11.

BACKGROUND: Two recent evaluations reported that risk of febrile neutropenia (FN) may be higher when pegfilgrastim prophylaxis (PP) is administered ...
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Hagiwara M, Sharma A, Chung KC, Delea TE. Healthcare resource utilization and costs in patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia. J Med Econ 2018;21(11):1119-30.

AIM: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is associated with high disease burden. This analysis estimated HRU and costs among newly diagnosed ...
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Marbaix S, Peetermans WE, Verhaegen J, Annemans L, Sato R, Mignon A, Atwood M, Weycker D. Cost-effectiveness of PCV13 vaccination in Belgian adults aged 65-84 years at elevated risk of pneumococcal infection. PLoS One 2018;13(7):e0199427.

BACKGROUND: The Belgian Superior Health Council (SHC) recently added a 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) to its recommendations for adult ...
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Atwood M, Beausoleil L, Breton MC, Laferriere C, Sato R, Weycker D. Cost-effectiveness of alternative strategies for use of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) in Canadian adults. Can J Public Health 2018;109(5-6):756-68.

OBJECTIVES: The Canadian National Advisory Committee on Immunization (NACI) recommends use of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide ...
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Kuchenbecker U, Chase D, Reichert A, Schiffner-Rohe J, Atwood M. Estimating the cost-effectiveness of a sequential pneumococcal vaccination program for adults in Germany. PLoS One 2018;13(5):e0197905.

INTRODUCTION: In Germany, a 23-valent polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine (PPSV23) is recommended for elderly (60+) and patients 16+ with chronic diseases ...
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Edelsberg J, Weycker D, Atwood M, Hamilton-Fairley G, Jett JR. Cost-effectiveness of an autoantibody test (EarlyCDT-Lung) as an aid to early diagnosis of lung cancer in patients with incidentally detected pulmonary nodules. PLoS One 2018;13(5):e0197826.

OBJECTIVE: Patients who have incidentally detected pulmonary nodules and an estimated intermediate risk (5-60%) of lung cancer frequently are followed ...
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Mallya UG, Boklage SH, Koren A, Delea TE, Mullins CD. Budget impact analysis of PCSK9 inhibitors for the management of adult patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia or clinical atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Pharmacoeconomics 2018;36(1):115-26.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the budget impact of introducing the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 ...
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Dukes E, Kirshblum S, Aimetti A, Qin S, Bornheimer R, Oster G. Relationship of American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale grade to post-injury hospitalization and costs in thoracic spinal cord injury. Neurosurgery 2018;83(3):445-51.

BACKGROUND: The lifetime economic burden of thoracic spinal cord injury (SCI) is known to be high, but evidence of variability ...
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Patrice GI, Lester-Coll NH, Yu JB, Amdahl J, Delea TE, Patrice SJ. Cost-effectiveness of thoracic radiation therapy for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer using evidence from the chest radiotherapy extensive-stage small cell lung cancer trial (CREST). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018;100(1):97-106.

PURPOSE: The Chest Radiotherapy Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer Trial (CREST) showed that adding thoracic radiation therapy (TRT) to the ...
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Bornheimer R, Shea KM, Sato R, Weycker D, Pelton SI. Risk of exacerbation following pneumonia in adults with heart failure or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. PLoS One 2017;12(10):e0184877.

BACKGROUND: Recent evidence demonstrates increased short-term risk of cardiac complications and respiratory failure among patients with heart failure (HF) and ...
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Olchanski N, Hansen RN, Pope E, D’Cruz B, Fergie J, Goldstein M, Krilov LR, McLaurin KK, Nabrit-Stephens B, Oster G, Schaecher K, Shaya FT, Neumann PJ, Sullivan SD. Palivizumab prophylaxis for respiratory syncytial virus: examining the evidence around value. Open Forum Infect Dis 2018;5(3):ofy031.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is the most common cause of lower respiratory tract infection and the leading cause of ...
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Weycker D, Bensink M, Wu H, Doroff R, Chandler D. Risk of chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia with early discontinuation of pegfilgrastim prophylaxis based on real-world data from 2010-2015. Curr Med Res Opin 2017;33(12):2115-20.

OBJECTIVE: Evidence suggests that not all cancer chemotherapy patients who receive first-cycle pegfilgrastim prophylaxis (PP) continue to receive it in ...
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Weycker D, Bensink M, Lonshteyn A, Doroff R, Chandler D. Risk of chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia by day of pegfilgrastim prophylaxis in US clinical practice from 2010-2015. Curr Med Res Opin 2017;33(12):2107-13.

OBJECTIVE: Pegfilgrastim prophylaxis (PP) is recommended 1-3 days following administration of chemotherapy during the cycle. Some patients, however, receive PP ...
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Yan S, Weycker D, Sokolowski S. US healthcare costs attributable to type A and type B influenza. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2017;13(9):2041-47.

While the overall healthcare burden of seasonal influenza in the United States (US) has been well characterized, the proportion of ...
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Cottin V, Hansell DM, Sverzellati N, Weycker D, Antoniou KM, Atwood M, Oster G, Kirchgaessler KU, Collard HR, Wells AU. Effect of emphysema extent on serial lung function in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2017;196(9):1162-71.

Rationale Patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema may have artificially preserved lung volumes. Objectives This post-hoc analysis investigated the ...
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Amdahl J, Diaz J, Sharma A, Park J, Chandiwana D, Delea TE. Cost-effectiveness of pazopanib versus sunitinib for metastatic renal cell carcinoma in the United Kingdom. PLoS One 2017;12(6):e0175920.

BACKGROUND: Sunitinib and pazopanib are the only two targeted therapies for the first-line treatment of locally advanced or metastatic renal ...
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Delea TE, Amdahl J, Boyko D, Hagiwara M, Zimmerman ZF, Franklin JL, Cong Z, Hechmati G, Stein A. Cost-effectiveness of blinatumomab versus salvage chemotherapy in relapsed or refractory Philadelphia-chromosome-negative b-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia from a US payer perspective. J Med Econ 2017;20(9):911-22.

Objective To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of blinatumomab (Blincyto) versus standard of care (SOC) chemotherapy in adults with relapsed or refractory ...
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Weycker D, Edelsberg J, Barron R, Atwood M, Oster G, Crittenden DB, Grauer A. Predictors of near-term fracture in osteoporotic women aged ≥65 years, based on data from the study of osteoporotic fractures. Osteoporos Int 2017;28(9):2565-71.

Using data from the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures (SOF), several clinical characteristics predictive of near-term (1-year) risk of hip and ...
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Taneja C, Netsch D, Rolstad BS, Inglese G, Lamerato L, Oster G. Clinical and economic burden of peristomal skin complications in patients with recent ostomies. J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs 2017;44(4):350-7.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to estimate the risk and economic burden of peristomal skin complications (PSCs) in ...
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Hatswell AJ, Thompson GJ, Maroudas PA, Sofrygin O, Delea TE. Estimating outcomes and cost effectiveness using a single-arm clinical trial: ofatumumab for double-refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Cost Eff Resour Alloc 2017;15:8.

BACKGROUND: Ofatumumab (Arzerra®, Novartis) is a treatment for chronic lymphocytic leukemia refractory to fludarabine and alemtuzumab [double refractory (DR-CLL)]. Ofatumumab ...
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Lyman GH, Allcott K, Garcia J, Stryker S, Li Y, Reiner MT, Weycker D. The effectiveness and safety of same-day versus next-day administration of long-acting granulocyte colony-stimulating factors for the prophylaxis of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia: a systematic review. Support Care Cancer 2017;25(8):2619-29.

PURPOSE: Granulocyte colony-stimulating factors (G-CSF) are commonly used in clinical practice to prevent febrile neutropenia (FN). US and EU prescribing information and treatment guidelines from ...
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Delea TE, Weycker D, Atwood M, Neame D, Alvarez FP, Forget E, Langley JM, Chit A. Cost-effectiveness of alternate strategies for childhood immunization against meningococcal disease with monovalent and quadrivalent conjugate vaccines in Canada. PLoS One 2017;12(5):e0175721.

BACKGROUND: Public health programs to prevent invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) with monovalent serogroup C meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MCV-C) and quadrivalent ...
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Kreuter M, Spagnolo P, Wuyts W, Renzoni E, Koschel D, Bonella F, Maher TM, Kolb M, Weycker D, Kirchgässler KU, Costabel U. Antacid therapy and disease progression in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis who received pirfenidone. Respiration 2017;93(6):415-23.

BACKGROUND: Gastroesophageal reflux disease is a potential risk factor for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) progression; however, the impact of antacid ...
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Capri S, Porta C, Delea TE. Cost-effectiveness of pazopanib versus sunitinib as first-line treatment for locally advanced or metastatic renal cell carcinoma from an Italian national health service perspective. Clin Ther 2017;39(3):567-80.

PURPOSE: A prior randomized controlled trial (COMPARZ [Comparing the Efficacy, Safety and Tolerability of Pazopanib versus Sunitinib]) found non-inferior progression-free ...
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Weycker D, Hansen GL, Seifer FD. Prevalence and incidence of noncystic fibrosis bronchiectasis among US adults in 2013. Chron Respir Dis 2017;14(4):377-84.

Bronchiectasis is an incurable pulmonary disorder that is characterized pathologically by permanent bronchial dilatation and severe bronchial inflammation and clinically ...
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Kreuter M, Bonella F, Maher TM, Costabel U, Spagnolo P, Weycker D, Kirchgaessler KU, Kolb M. Effect of statins on disease-related outcomes in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Thorax 2017;72(2):148-53.

BACKGROUND: Data are conflicting regarding the possible effects of statins in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). This post hoc ...
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Weycker D, Li X, Tzivelekis S, Atwood M, Garcia J, Li Y, Reiner M, Lyman GH. Burden of chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia hospitalizations in US clinical practice, by use and patterns of prophylaxis with colony-stimulating factor. Support Care Cancer 2017;25(2):439-47.

INTRODUCTION: Evidence suggests that many cancer chemotherapy patients who are candidates for colony-stimulating factor (CSF) prophylaxis do not receive it or receive it inconsistent with guidelines, ...
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Weycker D, Chandler D, Barron R, Xu H, Wu H, Edelsberg J, Lyman GH. Risk of infection among patients with non-metastatic solid tumors or non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma receiving myelosuppressive chemotherapy and antimicrobial prophylaxis in US clinical practice. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2017;23(1):33-42.

Purpose Guidelines generally do not recommend oral antimicrobials for prophylaxis against chemotherapy-related infections in patients with solid tumors. Evidence on ...
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Oster G, Sullivan SD, Dalal MR, Kazemi MR, Rojeski M, Wysham CH, Sung J, Johnstone B, Cali AM, Wei LJ, Traylor L, Anhalt H, Hull M, Van Vleet J, Meneghini LF. Achieve control: A pragmatic clinical trial of insulin glargine 300 U/mL versus other basal insulin in insulin-naïve patients with type 2 diabetes. Postgrad Med 2016;128(8):731-9.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to compare the effectiveness of insulin glargine 300 U/mL (Gla-300) with its accompanying patient support program ...
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Amdahl J, Chen L, Delea TE. Network meta-analysis of progression-free survival and overall survival in first-line treatment of BRAF mutation-positive metastatic melanoma. Oncol Ther 2016;4:239

INTRODUCTION: The present study aimed to inform an economic evaluation of dabrafenib and trametinib combination as first-line treatment of metastatic ...
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Jenks M, Taylor M, Shore J, Oster G. Cost effectiveness of local insufflation of warm humidified CO2 during open and laparoscopic colorectal surgery in the United States. Value Health 2016;19(3):A305.

Objectives: To determine the cost-effectiveness of local insufflation (via a humidifier) of warm humidified CO2 (WH-CO2) compared with standard care ...
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Kreuter M, Wijsenbeek MS, Vasakova M, Spagnolo P, Kolb M, Costabel U, Weycker D, Kirchgaessler KU, Maher TM. Unfavourable effects of medically indicated oral anticoagulants on survival in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Eur Respir J 2016;47(6): 1776-84.

Procoagulant and antifibrinolytic activity has been associated with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF); however, investigation of anticoagulant therapy in IPF has ...
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Amdahl J, Diaz J, Park J, Nakhaipour HR, Delea TE. Cost-effectiveness of pazopanib compared with sunitinib in metastatic renal cell carcinoma in Canada. Curr Oncol 2016;23(4):e340-54.

BACKGROUND: In Canada and elsewhere, pazopanib and sunitinib-tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor receptors-are recommended as first-line ...
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Weycker D, Li X, Barron R, Bornheimer R, Chandler D. Hospitalizations for osteoporosis-related fractures: Economic costs and clinical outcomes. Bone Reports 2016;5:186-91.

Background: Osteoporotic fractures frequently require inpatient care, and are associated with elevated risks of morbidity, mortality, and re-hospitalization. A comprehensive ...
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Weycker D, Farkouh RA, Strutton DR, Edelsberg J, Shea KM, Pelton SI. Rates and costs of invasive pneumococcal disease and pneumonia in persons with underlying medical conditions. BMC Health Serv Res 2016;16:182.

BACKGROUND: The presence of certain underlying medical conditions is known to increase the risk of pneumococcal disease in persons of ...
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Weycker D, Li X, Barron R, Li Y, Reiner M, Kartashov A, Figueredo J, Tzivelekis S, Garcia J. Risk of chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia with early discontinuation of pegfilgrastim prophylaxis in US clinical practice. Support Care Cancer 2016;24(6):2481-90.

PURPOSE: Accumulating evidence suggests that not all cancer chemotherapy patients who receive first-cycle pegfilgrastim prophylaxis continue to receive it in ...
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Kreuter M, Wuyts W, Renzoni E, Koschel D, Maher TM, Kolb M, Weycker D, Spagnolo P, Kirchgaessler KU, Herth FJF, Costabel U. Antacid therapy and disease outcomes in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a pooled analysis. Lancet Respir Med 2016;4(5):381-9.

BACKGROUND: Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease is a potential risk factor for the development and progression of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). We ...
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Ley B, Bradford WZ, Vittinghoff E, Weycker D, du Bois RM, Collard HR. Predictors of mortality poorly predict common measures of disease progression in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2016;194(6):711-8.

RATIONALE: Mortality prediction is well studied in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), but little is known about predictors of premortality disease ...
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Diaz J, Sternber CN, Mehmud F, Delea TE, Latimer N, Pandite L, Motzer RJ. Overall survival endpoint in oncology clinical trials: Addressing the effect of crossover – The case of pazopanib in advanced renal cell carcinoma. Oncology 2016;90(3):119-26.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the issues of using overall survival (OS) as a primary endpoint in the presence of crossover and ...
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Weycker D, Li X, Figueredo J, Barron R, Tzivelekis S, Hagiwara M. Risk of chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia in cancer patients receiving pegfilgrastim prophylaxis: does timing of administration matter? Support Care Cancer 2016;24(5):2309-16.

PURPOSE: Contrary to the approved indication for pegfilgrastim prophylaxis, some patients receive it on the same day as the last ...
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Pelton S, Shea KM, Farkouh RA, Strutton DR, Braun S, Jacob C, Klok R, Gruen ES, Weycker D. Rates of pneumonia among children and adults with chronic medical conditions in Germany. BMC Infect Dis 2015;15:470.

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study is to evaluate rates of all-cause pneumonia among "at-risk" and "high-risk" children and adults ...
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Mangen MJJ, Rozenbaum MH, Huijts SM, van Werkhoven HC, Postma DF, Atwood M, van Deursen A, van der Ende A, Grobbee DE, Sanders EAM, Sato R, Verheij, Vissink CE, Bonten M, de Wit GA. Cost-effectiveness of adult pneumococcal conjugate vaccination in the Netherlands. Eur Respir J 2015;46(5):1407-16.

The Community-Acquired Pneumonia Immunization Trial in Adults (CAPiTA) demonstrated the efficacy of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) in preventing vaccine-type ...
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Richter JM, Arshi NK, Oster G. Oral 5-aminosalicylate, mesalamine suppository and mesalamine enema as initial therapy for ulcerative proctitis in clinical practice with quality of care implications. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2016;2016:6928710.

BACKGROUND: Ulcerative proctitis (UP) is typically treated initially with oral 5-aminosalicylate ("5-ASA"), mesalamine suppository, or mesalamine enema ("UP Rx"). Little ...
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Nathan SD, du Bois RM, Albera C, Bradford WZ, Costabel U, Kartashov A, Noble PW, Sahn SA, Valeyre D, Weycker D, King TE Jr. Validation of test performance characteristics and minimal clinically important difference of the 6-minute walk test in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Respir Med 2015;109(7):914-22.

BACKGROUND: The 6-minute walk test distance (6MWD) has been shown to be a valid and responsive outcome measure in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). The ...
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Weycker D, Li X, Barron R, Wu H, Morrow PK, Xu H, Reiner M, Garcia J, Mhatre SK, Lyman GH. Importance of risk factors for febrile neutropenia among patients receiving chemotherapy regimens not classified as high-risk in guidelines for myeloid growth factor use. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2015;13(8):979-86.

BACKGROUND: Clinical practice guidelines recommend prophylaxis in patients with cancer receiving a colony-stimulating factor (CSF) when the risk of febrile ...
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Pelton SI, Shea KM, Weycker D, Farkouh RA, Strutton DR, Edelsberg J. Rethinking risk for pneumococcal disease in adults: the role of risk stacking. Open Forum Infect Dis 2015;2(1):ofvo20.

Using data from 3 private healthcare claims repositories, we evaluated the incidence of pneumococcal disease among adults with US Advisory ...
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Ley B, Bradford WZ, Weycker D, Vittinghoff E, du Bois RM, Collard HR. Unified baseline and longitudinal mortality prediction in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Eur Respir J 2015 ;45(5):1374.

The Gender-Age-Physiology (GAP) model is a validated, baseline-risk prediction model for mortality in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Longitudinal variables have been shown to contribute to risk prediction in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and may ...
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Delea TE, Amdahl J, Diaz J, Nakhaipour HR, Hackshaw MD. Cost-effectiveness of pazopanib versus sunitinib for renal cancer in the United States. J Manag Care Pharm 2015;21(1):46-54.

BACKGROUND: Current first-line treatments for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) include the multityrosine kinase inhibitors pazopanib and sunitinib. Both agents had similar progression-free survival (PFS) ...
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Delea TE, Amdahl J, Wang A, Amonkar MM, Thabane M. Cost effectiveness of dabrafenib as a first-line treatment in patients with BRAF V600 mutation-positive unresectable or metastatic melanoma in Canada. Pharmacoeconomics 2015;33(4):367-80.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the cost effectiveness of dabrafenib versus dacarbazine and vemurafenib as first-line treatments in patients with BRAF V600 mutation-positiveunresectable or metastatic melanoma from a Canadian healthcare system perspective. METHODS: A ...
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Weycker D, Li X, Edelsberg J, Barron R, Kartashov A, Xu H, Lyman GH. Risk and consequences of chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia in patients with metastatic solid tumors. J Oncol Pract 2015;11(1):47-54.

PURPOSE: Although studies have evaluated the risk and consequences of febrile neutropenia(FN) among patients receiving cancer chemotherapy in US clinical practice, none have focused on a ...
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Oster G, Edelsberg J, Hennegan K, Lewin C, Narasimhan V, Slobod K, Edwards MS, Baker CJ. Prevention of group B streptococcal disease in the first 3 months of life: Would routine maternal immunization during pregnancy be cost-effective? Vaccine 2014;32(37):4778-85.

BACKGROUND: A vaccine against group B streptococcus (GBS) that is intended for routinematernal immunization during pregnancy is in clinical development. Addition of vaccination to screening and intrapartum antibiotic ...
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Delea TE, Amdahl J, Nakhaipour HR, Manson SC, Wang A, Fedor N, Chit A. Cost-effectiveness of pazopanib in advanced soft-tissue sarcoma in Canada. Curr Oncol 2014;21(6):e748-59.

BACKGROUND: In the phase iii palette trial of pazopanib compared with placebo in patients with advanced or metastatic soft-tissue sarcoma ...
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Taneja C, Berger A, Inglese GW, Lamerato L, Sloand JA, Wolff GG, Sheehan M, Abbott GK, Oster G. Cost comparison of renal replacement therapy with peritoneal dialysis versus hemodialysis. J Managed Care Med 2014;17(3)57-72.

Summary: We compared total costs of care in patients aged 18 to 63 years beginning renal replacement therapy for end-stage ...
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Taneja C, Berger A, Inglese GW, Lamerato L, Sloand JA, Wolff GG, Sheehan M, Oster G. Can dialysis patients be accurately identified using healthcare claims data? Perit Dial Int 2014;34(6):643-51.

BACKGROUND: While health insurance claims data are often used to estimate the costs of renal replacement therapy in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), the ...
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Amdahl J, Manson SC, Isbell R, Chit A, Diaz J, Lewis L, Delea TE. Cost-effectiveness of pazopanib in advanced soft tissue sarcoma in the United Kingdom. Sarcoma 2014:2014:481071.

In the phase III PALETTE trial, pazopanib improved progression-free survival (PFS) compared with placebo in patients with advanced/metastatic soft tissue sarcomas (mSTS) who had received prior ...
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Weycker D, Li X, Edelsberg J, Barron R, Kartashov A, Xu H, Lyman GH. Risk of febrile neutropenia in patients receiving emerging chemotherapy regimens. Support Care Cancer 2014;22(12):3275-85.

PURPOSE: Considerable evidence exists concerning the risk of febrile neutropenia (FN) associated with well-established, older chemotherapy regimens. Little is known, however, about the risks associated ...
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Pelton SI, Weycker D, Farkouh RA, Strutton DR, Shea KM, Edelsberg J. Risk of pneumococcal disease in children with chronic medical conditions in the era of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. Clin Infect Dis 2014;59(5):615-23.

BACKGROUND: In the current era of universal immunization of young children with pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, it is unclear whether the high risk ratios for pneumococcal disease previously attributed to specified chronic conditions have ...
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Weycker D, Barron R, Kartashov A, Legg J, Lyman GH. Incidence, treatment, and consequences of chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia in the inpatient and outpatient settings. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2014;20(3):190-8.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the incidence, treatment, and consequences of febrile neutropenia across inpatientand outpatient care settings. METHODS: Data were obtained from Humedica's National Electronic Health Record-Derived Longitudinal Patient-Level Database (2007-2010). The ...
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du Bois RM, Albera C, Bradford WZ, Costabel U, Leff JA, Noble PW, Sahn SA, Valeyre D, Weycker D, King TE Jr. 6-minute walk distance is an independent predictor of mortality in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Eur Respir J 2014;43(5):1421-9.

6-min walk distance (6MWD) has recently been shown to be associated with the risk of mortality in patientswith idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF); however, the independent contribution of 6MWD to the prediction of mortality risk ...
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Shea KM, Edelsberg J, Weycker D, Raymond AF, Strutton DR, Pelton SL. Rates of pneumococcal disease in adults with chronic medical conditions. Open Forum Infect Dis 2014;1(1):ofu024.

BACKGROUND: Although it is widely accepted that adults with immunocompromising conditions are at greatly increased risk of pneumococcal infection, the extent of risk among immunocompetent adults with chronic medical conditions is less ...
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Oster G, Lamerato L, Glass AG, Richert-Boe KE, Lopez A, Chung K, Richhariya A, Dodge T, Wolff GG, Balakumaran A, Edelsberg J. Use of intravenous bisphosphonates in patients with breast, lung, or prostate cancer and metastases to bone: A 15-year study in two large US health systems. Support Care Cancer 2014;22(5):1363-73.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this paper is to document the use of intravenous (IV) bisphosphonates for prevention of skeletal-related events (SREs) in patients with bone metastases (BM) due to breast cancer(BC), lung cancer (LC), ...
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